There is no single feature characterizing infection in the mouth, and in many cases the clinical appearance may be similar to that of noninfectious conditions. Fungal infections of the oral cavity candidiasis medical. Viral infections of the oral mucosa and perioral region are. The oral cavity is the primary site of many viral illnesses as well as a site with specific manifestations of more systemic viral disease. Viral diseasesinfections of the oral cavity, oral mucosa and perioral regions are generally encountered by dentists and have not received the required recognition until recently and viruses are both ulcerogenic and the tumorigenic agents of human oral cavity. There are several different kinds of viral oral infections, but the one that most people have heard about is the herpes virus. The purpose of the study is to compare cultures from the tonsils or posterior. Oral viral infections are encountered in dental practice but received less clinical interest due to the lesser frequency of patients and diagnostic challenges.
Fungal infections of the oral cavity for dental students. Viral, bacterial, and fungal infections of the oral mucosa. Pdf oral manifestations of viral infections researchgate. Viral infections of the oral cavity usually manifest as either ulceration or blistering presentation of oral tissues. These infections are easy to treat in some cases and in some are difficult which is based on multiple factors along with differences in recurrence rates.
May 30, 2018 hpv infections have received particular attention in recent years, as highrisk strains have been linked to some cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Pdf examination of the oral cavity is an integral part of every clinical examination. This bacterial m protein is the target of the host immune system. Oral cavity anatomical and physiological specificities. Herpes simplex virus hsv, a member of the herpesviridae family, is a significant human pathogen that results in mucocutaneous lesions in the oral cavity or genital infections. Stoopler, dmd, fds rcsed, fds rcsengd, keywords herpes virus viral infection oral cavity mouth antivirals key points oral herpes virus infections ohvis are commonly encountered in clinical practice. The clinical presentation of various viral conditions is discussed in this article and will provide the family. Examination of the oral cavity in an integral part of every clinical examination.
Throat pain is a common complaint in the ambulatory setting. Division of oral pathology, faculty of dental medicine mu plovdiv. Oral cavity or the mandibular and maxillary jaws are affected by a lot of acute and chronic infections which can occur due to various reasons and can be found in various locations in the jaws. Viral infections of oral cavity santosh ab, muddana k j family med. Infections of the mouth and oral cavity can be caused by a variety of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Bacterial, fungal, and viral infections are frequently encountered in the oral cavity. The oral focal infections are very common in the human body due to the anatomical and histological structure of the oral cavity and the permanent presence of virulent microorganisms in it. Feb 12, 2010 in order to assure viral presence in sputum, it is preferable to replicate in cells lining the oral cavity and release a continuous stream of viral particles.
Viral infections free download as powerpoint presentation. Update on oral herpes virus infections ramesh balasubramaniam, bdsc, msa,b, arthur s. Herpes virus is a dna virus which replicates in the nucleus of host cell. Oral ulcers, although very common entity in dental clinics can be very challenging to diagnose because of their diversity in etiology and presentation. Thus, the early recognition of such infections is paramount for holistic patient management, and oral clinicians have a critical role in recognizing, diagnosing, managing, and preventing either new or old orofacial infections.
All focal infections, depending on the localization, are divided into two groups, oral and extraoral focal infections. This article discusses viral conditions of the oral cavity, including. Herpes simplex virus hsv infection the herpes viridae family of viruses contains nine different viruses that are pathogenic in humans in general, infections above the waist are caused by hsv 1 and hose below the waist by hsv 2,although with changing sexual practices, it is not uncommon to culture hsv 2 from oral. Oral infections are among the first manifestations of infection by the human immunodeficiency virus hiv. Association between living environment and human oral. However, if individuals become immunocompromised by age, illness, or as a side effect of therapy, these dormant viruses can be activated and produce a variety of pathological changes in the oral mucosa. They include fungal, viral, and bacterial infections and range from being essentially trivial, through troublesome to life threatening. The oral cavity, eyes and genitalia are affected by hsv1, whereas the genitalia are mainly involved in hsv2. Viral infections in oral mucosa, european journal of oral. Oral manifestations of viral infections herpes hhvl and hhv2 lip edema. The role of viruses in oral disease pubmed central pmc. The clinical presentation, pathogenic mechanism, investigations, and. Recognizing these oral lesions often provides important.
Orofacial infections may cause significant discomfort to the patients and unnecessary economic burden. Open access full text article streptococcus salivarius k12. Cde oral pathology and oral medicine 2 oral infections viral infections viruses consist of. Fungal infections of the oral cavity free download as powerpoint presentation. Infectious diseases we are surrounded and inhabited by an enormous number of. We have uploaded shafers textbook of oral pathology 7th edition pdf to our online repository to ensure easeofaccess and safety. Pdf viral infections of the oral mucosa and perioral region. Mar 25, 2016 herpes simplex virus hsv, a member of the herpesviridae family, is a significant human pathogen that results in mucocutaneous lesions in the oral cavity or genital infections. What are the most common types of viral oral infections. Hpv infections have received particular attention in recent years, as highrisk strains have been linked to some cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma. M protein is a sequence of amino acids present on the bacteria and also present on the cells of the heart.
Oral mucosal ulcers range from ulcers due to minor local trauma to significant diseases such as bacterial, viral and fungal infections, malignancy and other systemic illness. However, the advent of the tools of molecular biology, particularly various pcrbased methods, has changed the situation. All focal infections, depending on the localization, are divided into two groups, oral and extra oral focal infections. Periodontology 2000 oral viral infections of adults. These viruses are usually very contagious and can cause painful oral sores, depending on the type of oral virus. Herpes simplex is caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 hsv1 or type 2 hsv2.
Herpesviruses and papillomaviruses are among the viruses that presumably use this strategy. Oral infections are very common and may be a sign of an illness involving other parts of the body. Viral infections and diseases of the oral cavity flashcards. Keeping these main health issues in mind, the common oral infections like tooth. Herpes simplex hsv i and ii skin, mucosa, eye and cns 4. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
Examination of the oral cavity is an integral part of every clinical examination. Among them, hpv type 16 is the most common one, causing the majority of cervical and anogenital cancer as well as an important proportion of head and neck. Outline bacterial infections fungal infections viral infections oral pathology infectious diseases with manifestations in oral cavity. In this part of the article, you will be able to access the. Obviously, replication in oral tissue places the oral cavity more at risk for clinical symptoms. Diagnosis of group a streptococcus is made with a culture, molecular test or a rapid antigen detection test from the tonsils or the posterior pharyngeal wall, while other areas of the oral cavity are considered unacceptable. Nonetheless, many other viral infections can affect the oral cavity in humans, either as localized or systemic infections. The human oral cavity has an indigenous microbiota known to include a robust community of viruses. Detection of the viral antigen and tzanck test are useful for diagnosis. The oral cavity may be the primary site of involvement of an infectious disease, or a systemic infection may have oral manifestations. Shafers textbook of oral pathology 7th edition pdf download. Healthcareassociated viral and bacterial infections in. Another viral oral infection that most people have heard of is chickenpox, a viral infection that can cause sores in the mouth. Viral diseases infections of the oral cavity, oral mucosa and perioral regions are generally encountered by dentists and have not received the required recognition until recently and viruses are both ulcerogenic and the tumorigenic agents of human oral cavity.
A smaller range of fungal infections, notably candida species, may affect the mouth, although deep mycotic infections such as histoplasmosis, aspergillosis, mucormycoses and paracoccidioidomycosis may occasionally give rise to oral manifestations. Oral manifestations of systemic disease hairy leukoplakia. The purpose of the study is to compare cultures from the tonsils or posterior pharyngeal wall throat with. Infections of the oral cavity are most commonly odontogenic in origin and include dental caries, periapical infections, gingivitis, periodontal infections and abscesses, and deep fascial space infections.
Single or double strand dna or rna protein coat capsid often with an envelope. Oral infections, a mirror of our overall health condition. Purchase shafers textbook of oral pathology 8th edition. Healthcareassociated viral and bacterial infections in dentistry. Although most of these infections can be controlled by oral hygiene measures, these infections are directly related to the immunity and health status of an individual. Hpvs are recognized as one of the major causes of sexually transmitted infections related to cancer worldwide, and have been detected in cervical, anal and oral highgrade intraepithelial lesions 1,2,3. Intro what is a virus basic structure sequlae of infection classification 3. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. Oral squamous cell carcinoma oscc is the most common malignant tumour of the oral cavity. Many of these infections only affect the mouth, but some can spread and become systemic infections. Open access full text article streptococcus salivarius k12 in. Ppt diseases of oral cavity powerpoint presentation.
We tested its preventive role in reducing the incidence of both streptococcal and viral pharyngitis andor tonsillitis in children. Microbial diseases of the mouth and oral cavity microbiology. The clinical presentation of various viral conditions is discussed in this article and will provide the family practitioner with an up to date guide to better diagnosis and management. Start studying viral infections and diseases of the oral cavity. The oral cavity is home to a rich flora of bacteria. Very little is known about how oral viruses are spread throughout the environment or to which. The plethora of mammalian viruses in the lesions seen in periodontitis proposes that viruses play a. Many viruses, such as human herpesviruses, may be present in the human oral cavity, but most are usually asymptomatic. A viral disease of the oral cavity is the infectious type of pathology affecting oral tissues. Viruses are by nature more difficult to detect, at least with traditional methods such as in vitro cultivation. Viral oral infections are virus that can affect the mouth and oral area. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that.
They include the herpes simplex virus, hand, foot and mouth disease hfmd, and in some cases, human papillomavirus or hpv. Obligate intracellular parasites enters host cell in order to replicate. Dna viruses are found in many different cancers and are also capable of transforming cells to a malignant phenotype. The viruses also may be transmitted via oralgenital contact. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Viral and fungal infections of the oral cavity sciencedirect. What are the treatment options for viral oral infections.
Viral infections of oral cavity global events usa europe. The oral cavity is a natural habitat for a large number of microorganisms. Oct 11, 2014 viral infections of the oral cavity 1. Oral viral infections of adults the endoexperience. Pathogenic viruses commonly present in the oral cavity and. The clinical presentation of various viral conditions in discussed in this article and will provide the family practitioner with an up to date guide to better diagnosis and management. Of the two kinds of herpes simplex viruses, hsv1 causes most viral oral infections. List of acute and chronic infections of oral cavity.
The aetiology of epithelial cancer of the head and neck is considered to be a multifactorial, sequential process. The clinical presentation of common oral viral infections. The clinical recognition of viral diseases in oral cavity is difficult because of similarities in the clinical picture of several mucosal diseases unrelated to viral agents. Oral cavity swabbing for diagnosis of group a streptococcus. New strategies against drug resistance to herpes simplex virus. Table 1 summarizes the main characteristics of common oral infections. High prevalent human papillomavirus infections of the oral.
A wide range of viral infections can give rise to oral manifestations andor may reside within the mouth. Ppt diseases of oral cavity powerpoint presentation free. Jun 12, 2012 the oral cavity is a natural habitat for a large number of microorganisms. Infected saliva or droplets spread the viruses in the oral cavity. Dr ravikumar v, jr ii, dept of oral path, gdc, kottayam 2. Shafers textbook of oral pathology 7th edition pdf free. Herpes simplex virus hsv infection the herpes viridae family of viruses contains nine different viruses that are pathogenic in humans in general, infections above the waist are caused by hsv 1 and hose below the waist by hsv 2,although with changing sexual practices, it is not uncommon to culture hsv 2 from oral lesions and vice versa the most common.
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